![\"OLYMPUS](\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Herbe-\u00e0-poux-3-766x1024-1.jpg\" "\\"Herbe")
<\/figure>\nIn Quebec, pollens are present in the air during three distinct periods :<\/p>\n
- \n
- In spring due to the pollen from trees and bushes.<\/li>\n
- At the beginning of summer due to common herbs such as grass.<\/li>\n
- At the end of July until the beginning of autumn due to ragweed<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
In this article we will focus on seasonal allergies.<\/p>\n
What are the symptoms?<\/h3>\n
The most common symptom is itchiness. The pet will scratch, lick and bite, particularly in the areas of the paws, armpits, abdomen, flanks, face, and ears. Basically, the regions that come in contact with pollens.<\/p>\n
The dog or cat that develops seasonal allergies will remain allergic all his life. It is a recurring, chronic illness. However, the intensity of the symptoms may vary from year to year depending on the amount of pollen in the air.<\/p>\n
Inflammation and damage to the skin caused by scratching can be intense, causing complications such as secondary infections. The micro-organisms (bacteria or yeast) normally present on the skin may increase abnormally, penetrate the surface of the skin, and cause an infection. A pet with atopy is not contagious, even if the skin is infected with bacteria or yeast.<\/p>\n
Your pet could present other symptoms as well :<\/p>\n
- \n
- Redness<\/li>\n
- Spots or pimples<\/li>\n
- Scabs<\/li>\n
- Loss of hair<\/li>\n
- Oily fur, bad odour<\/li>\n
- Pigmentation and thickening of skin<\/li>\n
- Hives that are red and oozing, or pimples on the lips (in cats).<\/li>\n
- Excessive grooming (in cats).<\/li>\n
- Ear infections<\/li>\n
- Runny eyes, conjunctivitis<\/li>\n
- Nasal secretions<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
How is Atopy diagnosed?<\/h3>\n
The diagnosis will be established during a physical exam. The symptoms, the location of lesions, the presence of a seasonal pattern, the age of the pet, the breed of animal and the response to previous treatment all help to guide the diagnosis. The veterinarian may need to perform several tests in order to arrive at a conclusion and to rule out other possible causes of itchiness such as skin parasites, infectious illness, or food allergies. Your veterinarian may recommend skin scrapings, cytologies, fungal cultures or a trial with a hypoallergenic diet for a period of several weeks.<\/p>\n
Atopy develops most commonly in young adults aged 1 to 3 years. The origin of Atopy is genetic and often hereditary. Skin allergies are reported to be more frequent in the breeds of dogs listed below, but other breeds are implicated as well.<\/p>\n
- \n
- Golden Retriever<\/li>\n
- Labrador<\/li>\n
- English, French Bulldog<\/li>\n
- American Staffordshire Terrier<\/li>\n
- Boxer<\/li>\n
- West Highland Terrier<\/li>\n
- Yorkshire Terrier<\/li>\n
- Lhassa Apso, Shih Tzu<\/li>\n
- Setters<\/li>\n
- Fox Terrier<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
How to treat Atopy<\/h3>\n
It is important to consult a veterinarian as soon as itchiness or lesions are present. The risk of infections and lesions increases if the symptoms are not addressed.
Successful management of seasonal allergies is possible with a broad approach.<\/p>\nTreatment of symptoms<\/b><\/p>\n
<\/b>A variety of medications exist that help to control itchiness and reduce inflammation of the skin of your pet during allergy season. These include antihistamines, cortisone, and cyclosporine. The veterinarian will make a choice of medications based on the severity and intensity of the inflammation. The dosage will be adjusted accordingly.
It is important to note that these medications do not cure the animal of his allergies, but simply help to control the most uncomfortable symptoms. If the treatment is stopped, the symptoms quickly redevelop if pollens causing the allergy are still circulating in the environment.<\/p>\nAntihistamines<\/b> diminish the effect of histamine that is liberated in the body at the time of an allergic reaction and is responsible for the symptoms. Used alone, antihistamines are sufficient to control only light to moderate allergy symptoms. If a more powerful treatment is necessary, antihistamines will be used simultaneously with cortisone, ence reducing the dose of cortisone needed to control the symptoms.<\/p>\n
Certain antihistamines sold under prescription are more effective in treating the symptoms of dogs and cats than over-the-counter remedies. Please note that 2nd<\/sup> generation antihistamines (Reactine, Aerius, Claritin) have little to no effect on cats and dogs.<\/p>\n
Cortisone<\/b> (prednisone, prednisolone, Vanectyl P*)<\/strong> is a more effective medication than antihistamines for controlling allergies since it is essentially an anti-inflammatory for the immune system. This medication can only be purchased by prescription. A physical exam is required in order to ensure there are no contra-indications for using these medications. Often, a combination of cortisone and antihistamines is recommended. These medications working together, permit the administration of less cortisone, reducing the incidents of side effects associated with cortisone.
Cortisone is available in pill-form but is also available in ointment, spray, or shampoo. Topical cortisone treatments may reduce the need for oral cortisone, thereby reducing the possibility of side-effects.<\/p>\n*Vanectyl-P contains both an antihistamine and prednisolone<\/p>\n
How to use cortisone<\/em><\/strong>
The goal is to use the smallest possible dose to control symptoms thereby reducing the occurrence of side effects.
Cortisone is administered every day at the start of treatment in order to resolve inflammation and other symptoms. The dosage is gradually diminished until the smallest effective dose, administered every 48 hours, is determined. Administering cortisone every 48 hours as opposed to every day diminishes the risk of atrophy (diminished size and functioning) of the adrenal glands of the patient.
If symptoms begin to reoccur while gradually lowering the dose of cortisone, this indicates that the new dose is not sufficient in controlling the allergy symptoms and the last efficient dose should be used as the smallest possible dose. Unlike antibiotics, we must adapt the dosage to the needs of the pet without giving more than the recommended dosage as indicated by the veterinarian.<\/p>\nSide effects of cortisone<\/strong> <\/em>
<\/b>Many people have expressed their concerns for prescribing cortisone to their pets. These worries are based on personal experience or that of someone they know who has used this class of medication. Happily, cortisone is much better tolerated by cats and dogs than by humans. The side-effects are often temporary and disappear rapidly over the course of treatment, especially with the diminishing of the dose.<\/p>\n- \n
- Increase in the production of urine (larger loss of water by the kidneys) which causes an increase in thirst to compensate for dehydration. The severity of this side effect varies from one patient to another. Some dogs will need to be taken outside more often to avoid accidents in the house. Because cortisone does not directly cause thirst, but is implicated more in the loss of water by the kidneys, restriction of water is never recommended as a means to control this side effect.<\/li>\n
- Increase in appetite. Cortisone itself will not cause weight gain unless you permit your pet to consume more calories. The control of calories is essential in avoiding weight gain during the course of treatment.<\/li>\n
- Panting.<\/li>\n
- Lethargy and lack of endurance during physical exercise.<\/li>\n
- If your pet must take cortisone for a prolonged period of time, other problems may surface (diabetes, predisposition to infection, development of Cushing disease, atrophy of the adrenal glands, etc), particularly if the medication is administered every day at a high dose.<\/li>\n
- Because cortisone causes a reduction in the immune defense system it is important to advise your veterinarian of any signs of infection (eyes, ears, skin, respiratory system, etc). If your pet has a reduced appetite, vomiting, or diarrhea, stop the administration of cortisone and contact your veterinarian as soon as possible.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Cyclosporine (Atopica)<\/b> is an immunosuppressant that has been used successfully in recent years to control symptoms of atopy. It is an effective medication, without the side-effects of cortisone, but is used sparingly due to its elevated cost compared to other treatments.<\/p>\n
Apoquel and Cytopoint: Revolutionary products for treating atopy in dogs<\/a><\/h4>\n
Essential fatty acids (Omega 3\u2019s) are considered an aide to treatment. These fatty acids contain natural anti-inflammatory properties.<\/p>\n
How to treat atopy \u2013 Treatment of secondary infections<\/b><\/p>\n
<\/b>Inflammation of the skin caused by allergies affects the skin\u2019s natural defense mechanisms. This results in a higher risk of secondary infections. These infections are also favored by the physical trauma a pet inflicts on his skin by scratching, biting, licking, and rubbing. Like a vicious circle, these infections exacerbate the itchiness caused by the allergies. The infection must be addressed correctly or the treatment for allergies will fail.
Skin cytologies guide the veterinarian in selecting the ideal medication to treat these infections which could be bacterial or fungal in origin and require different medical approaches. Treatment could be in oral, cream, spray or shampoo form.<\/p>\nHow to treat atopy \u2013\u00a0Treatment by desensitization<\/b><\/p>\n
<\/b>Desensitization consists of administering to the patient the allergens to which they have reactions in increasing doses. The objective is to induce a long-term level of tolerance to pollens to which there is an allergic reaction.
Due to the costs associated with this type of treatment and the effort required on the part of the owner, this option is reserved for particular patients: Those with seasonal allergies lasting more than 2 \u2013 3 months, those who present with very severe, difficult to control symptoms despite the usual treatments, or those for which the usual medications are contra-indicated.
Once the diagnosis is established, the patient is referred to a specialist in veterinary dermatology to begin the process of desensitization. The specialist will administer tests to identify the specific allergens in the environment to which the pet is allergic.<\/p>\nThere are two types of tests used in determining allergens:
1) The first is called an intradermal allergy test which consists of carefully observing the patient\u2019s skin for reaction after specific allergens are injected under the skin. This test may only be used when the skin is not irritated or infected. The patient must not have taken cortisone for at least 3 weeks and antihistamines for at least 10 days prior to the administration of the test.
2) The second is a blood test (serology) in which antibodies against different allergens in the environment are detected in the blood stream during the period of active allergies.
The consensus in dermatology is to proceed with the skin test first which is more reliable.<\/p>\nOnce the allergens are identified it is possible to start desensitizing the immune system of the pet with the aid of injections administered at home. At the beginning, injections are given once per week in increasing doses. The dermatologist adjust the schedule and dosage given the reaction and tolerance of the patient. Therapy may continue for several months to several years. This treatment rarely causes side effects. In fact, about 70% of animals will benefit from this type of therapy.<\/p>\n
How to treat atopy \u2013\u00a0Decontaminate the environment and control access<\/b><\/p>\n
- \n
- Keep your pet away from freshly mowed grass. Collect cuttings and dead leaves immediately.<\/li>\n
- During allergy season avoid taking your pet for walks in fields or open spaces, especially if the pet has shown an exacerbation of his allergies after previously been there.<\/li>\n
- Remove ragweed from your yard as soon as it appears. Ragweed is responsible for most cases of allergies diagnosed in clinic from the end of July to end the end of August.<\/li>\n
- Regular bathing helps to remove pollens from the skin and fur. Consult your veterinarian for advice on which type of shampoo would be best for your pet.<\/li>\n
- Administer a veterinarian recommended flea protection every month during the summer. Dogs that suffer from atopic dermatitis may also be very sensitive to flea bites.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Conclusion<\/b><\/p>\n
Seasonal allergies are a common problem amongst our four-footed friends.
Veterinarians estimate that about 14.4% of dogs are affected. About two-thirds of these are chronic cases according to studies presented by Novartis Animal Health Canada.
Pets affected by seasonal allergies require specific care. Consulting your veterinarian as soon as possible could help to soothe your pets discomfort and avoid secondary infections.
Our veterinarians will take the time to guide you in finding a convenient solution to this annual annoyance.<\/p>\n- <\/ol>\n
- Au printemps, c\u2019est le pollen des arbres et des arbustes qui est pr\u00e9sent.<\/li>\n \t
- Au d\u00e9but de l\u2019\u00e9t\u00e9, c\u2019est le pollen des plantes herbac\u00e9es (y compris le gazon).<\/li>\n \t
- Puis, de la fin juillet jusqu\u2019au d\u00e9but de l\u2019automne, c\u2019est au tour de l\u2019herbe \u00e0 poux<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nDans cet article nous allons nous concentrer sur les allergies saisonni\u00e8res.\n
Les sympt\u00f4mes de l\u2019atopie saisonni\u00e8re<\/b><\/h3>\nLes sympt\u00f4mes toujours pr\u00e9sents sont caus\u00e9s par les d\u00e9mangeaisons. L\u2019animal atteint se gratte, se l\u00e8che et se mordille. Les d\u00e9mangeaisons seront particuli\u00e8rement intenses aux pattes, aux aisselles, sur l\u2019abdomen, les flancs, le visage et les oreilles. Bref, les r\u00e9gions en contact avec le pollen tomb\u00e9 au sol.\n\nLe chien ou le chat qui d\u00e9veloppe des allergies saisonni\u00e8res sera allergique toute sa vie. Il s\u2019agit d\u2019une maladie chronique r\u00e9currente. Par contre, l\u2019intensit\u00e9 des sympt\u00f4mes peut varier d\u2019une ann\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019autre selon la quantit\u00e9 de pollen pr\u00e9sent dans l\u2019environnement.\n\nL\u2019inflammation et le dommage caus\u00e9 par le grattage sont parfois si intenses qu\u2019ils fragilisent la peau et entra\u00eenent des complications comme des infections secondaires. Des micro-organismes (bact\u00e9ries ou levures) normalement pr\u00e9sents sur la peau vont alors cro\u00eetre de fa\u00e7on anormale et p\u00e9n\u00e9trer la surface de la peau causant ainsi une infection. Un animal atteint d\u2019atopie n\u2019est pas contagieux m\u00eame si sa peau est infect\u00e9e par des bact\u00e9ries ou des levures.\nVotre animal peut aussi pr\u00e9senter un ou plusieurs des signes suivant:\n
- \n \t
- rougeurs<\/li>\n \t
- boutons<\/li>\n \t
- cro\u00fbtes<\/li>\n \t
- perte de poil<\/li>\n \t
- pelage gras, mauvaise odeur<\/li>\n \t
- pigmentation et \u00e9paississement de la peau<\/li>\n \t
- plaques sur\u00e9lev\u00e9es rouges et suintantes ou bouton \u00e0 la l\u00e8vre (chez le chat)<\/li>\n \t
- toilettage excessif (chat)<\/li>\n \t
- otites<\/li>\n \t
- \u00e9coulements oculaires, conjonctivites<\/li>\n \t
- rhinite (\u00e9coulement nasal)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Comment diagnostiquer une atopie<\/b><\/h3>\nLe diagnostic sera \u00e9tabli par le v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire suite \u00e0 un examen physique. Les sympt\u00f4mes, la localisation des l\u00e9sions, l\u2019\u00e2ge, la mise en \u00e9vidence d\u2019un rythme saisonnier, la race de l\u2019animal et la r\u00e9ponse aux traitements ant\u00e9rieurs seront des \u00e9l\u00e9ments qui le guideront. Le v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire devra parfois effectuer des tests avant d\u2019arriver \u00e0 la conclusion qu\u2019il s\u2019agit d\u2019une allergie et \u00e9liminer les autres causes de d\u00e9mangeaison telles que les parasites cutan\u00e9s, les maladies infectieuses ou une allergie alimentaire. Votre v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire pourrait vous recommander des grattages cutan\u00e9s, des cytologies, une culture fongique ou m\u00eame une di\u00e8te hypo allerg\u00e8ne.\nL\u2019atopie se d\u00e9veloppe le plus souvent chez le jeune adulte \u00e2g\u00e9 de 1 \u00e0 3 ans. L\u2019origine de l\u2019atopie est g\u00e9n\u00e9tique et est souvent h\u00e9r\u00e9ditaire. On constate plus d\u2019allergies cutan\u00e9es chez les races suivantes, bien que plusieurs autres races puissent en \u00eatre atteintes.\n
- \n \t
- Golden retriever<\/li>\n \t
- Labrador<\/li>\n \t
- Bouledogue anglais, fran\u00e7ais<\/li>\n \t
- American Staffordshire terrier<\/li>\n \t
- Boxer<\/li>\n \t
- West Highland white terrier<\/li>\n \t
- Yorkshire terrier<\/li>\n \t
- Lhassa Apso, Shih Tzu<\/li>\n \t
- Setters<\/li>\n \t
- Fox terriers<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Comment traiter l\u2019atopie<\/h3>\nIl faut consulter le v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire d\u00e8s l\u2019apparition de d\u00e9mangeaison ou de l\u00e9sions. Le risque de l\u00e9sions et d\u2019infections secondaires augmente lorsque les sympt\u00f4mes perdurent.\n\nLe traitement de l\u2019allergie saisonni\u00e8re est possible gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 une approche globale.\n\nLe traitement des sympt\u00f4mes<\/b>\n\nIl existe diff\u00e9rentes m\u00e9dications efficaces pour contr\u00f4ler les d\u00e9mangeaisons et diminuer l\u2019inflammation de la peau de votre animal en p\u00e9riode d\u2019allergie. Il est \u00e0 noter que ces traitements ne permettent en aucun cas de gu\u00e9rir l\u2019animal mais simplement de contr\u00f4ler les sympt\u00f4mes. Si les traitements sont interrompus, les sympt\u00f4mes r\u00e9cidiveront rapidement si les pollens responsables sont encore pr\u00e9sents dans l\u2019environnement.\nLe soulagement est possible gr\u00e2ce aux m\u00e9dications \u00abanti-allergies\u00bb orales comme les antihistaminiques, les glucocortico\u00efdes (cortisone) et la cyclosporine. Le v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire basera son choix selon la s\u00e9v\u00e9rit\u00e9 des sympt\u00f4mes et l\u2019intensit\u00e9 de l\u2019inflammation. Le dosage sera \u00e9galement ajust\u00e9 en cons\u00e9quence.\nLes <\/span>antihistaminiques<\/b> <\/span>diminueront l\u2019effet de l\u2019histamine qui est lib\u00e9r\u00e9e lors de la r\u00e9action allergique et est responsable des sympt\u00f4mes. Utilis\u00e9 seul, l\u2019antihistaminique sera suffisant pour le contr\u00f4le des allergies l\u00e9g\u00e8res \u00e0 mod\u00e9r\u00e9es uniquement. Lors d\u2019allergies n\u00e9cessitant un traitement plus puissant, il pourra \u00eatre utilis\u00e9 simultan\u00e9ment \u00e0 la cortisone afin de diminuer la quantit\u00e9 de cortisone requise pour contr\u00f4ler les sympt\u00f4mes.\n\nCertains antihistaminiques vendus sous ordonnance sont reconnus pour leur plus grande efficacit\u00e9 chez le chien et le chat que les antihistaminiques en vente libre.\n\nNotez que les antihistaminiques de 2\u00e8me<\/sup> <\/span>g\u00e9n\u00e9ration (Reactine, Aerius, Claritin) n\u2019ont pas d\u2019effet significatif chez le chien et le chat.\nLa <\/span>cortisone (prednisone, prednisolone, Vanectyl-P* <\/span><\/b>) <\/span><\/b>est une m\u00e9dication plus efficace que les antihistaminiques pour le contr\u00f4le des allergies puisqu\u2019il s\u2019agit d\u2019un anti-inflammatoire agissant sur le syst\u00e8me immunitaire. Son usage se fait sous ordonnance. Un examen physique est requis avant de d\u00e9buter la m\u00e9dication afin de s\u2019assurer de l\u2019absence de contre-indications majeures.\n\nSouvent une combinaison de cortisone et d\u2019antihistaminiques sera recommand\u00e9e. En combinant les deux m\u00e9dications, leur synergie permet de d\u2019administrer moins de cortisone et de diminuer ainsi ses effets secondaires ind\u00e9sirables. La cortisone est disponible en comprim\u00e9s mais \u00e9galement sous forme d\u2019onguent, de vaporisateur et de shampoing. L\u2019usage, lorsque possible, de cortisone topique permet \u00e9galement de diminuer le dosage de cortisone orale et de diminuer ses effets secondaires.\n\n(*) Le Vanectyl-P combine la prednisolone et un antihistaminique.\n
Comment utiliser la cortisone<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n
Le but est d\u2019administrer la dose la plus petite qui permettra de contr\u00f4ler les sympt\u00f4mes.<\/p>\n
De cette fa\u00e7on les effets secondaires (voir la section suivante) seront amoindris.<\/p>\n
La cortisone est administr\u00e9e \u00e0 tous les jours au d\u00e9part, afin de r\u00e9soudre l\u2019inflammation et les sympt\u00f4mes. Par la suite, le dosage sera diminu\u00e9 graduellement puis administr\u00e9 aux 48 heures jusqu\u2019\u00e0 ce que la dose minimale efficace administr\u00e9e aux 48 heures soit trouv\u00e9e.<\/p>\n
L\u2019administration de la cortisone aux 48 heures, plut\u00f4t que chaque jour, diminue le risque d\u2019atrophie (diminution de la taille et du fonctionnement) des glandes surr\u00e9nales du patient trait\u00e9.<\/p>\n
Si les d\u00e9mangeaisons r\u00e9cidivent apr\u00e8s avoir diminu\u00e9 la dose, cela indique que le nouveau dosage n\u2019est plus suffisant pour contr\u00f4ler l\u2019allergie. Il faudra alors revenir \u00e0 la dose pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente efficace, souvent apr\u00e8s avoir administr\u00e9 la m\u00e9dication chaque jour jusqu\u2019\u00e0 ce que les sympt\u00f4mes soient de nouveau contr\u00f4l\u00e9s. Contrairement aux antibiotiques, vous devez adapter la posologie au besoin de l\u2019animal sans d\u00e9passer la dose maximale indiqu\u00e9e par votre v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire.<\/p>\nEffets secondaires possibles de la cortisone<\/em><\/strong>\n
Plusieurs de nos clients nous font part de leurs craintes lorsqu\u2019il est question de prescrire<\/p>\n
la cortisone \u00e0 leur animal. Ces craintes sont fond\u00e9es sur leur exp\u00e9rience personnelle ou celles de leurs proches qui ont eu \u00e0 prendre cette classe de m\u00e9dicaments. Heureusement, la cortisone est d\u00e9finitivement mieux tol\u00e9r\u00e9e par le chien et le chat que par l\u2019homme. Ses effets secondaires sont souvent temporaires et rapidement att\u00e9nu\u00e9s lors de la diminution de la dose.<\/p>\n\n
- \n \t
- Augmentation de la production d\u2019urine (perte d\u2019eau plus grande par les reins) causant une augmentation de la soif pour compenser les pertes accrues. La sensibilit\u00e9 \u00e0 cet effet secondaire varie d\u2019un patient \u00e0 l\u2019autre. Certains chiens devront \u00eatre sortis plus souvent sans quoi des mictions dans la maison pourraient survenir. Comme la cortisone ne cause pas une augmentation directe de la soif mais plut\u00f4t une perte d\u2019eau par les reins, la restriction en eau ne devrait jamais \u00eatre utilis\u00e9e pour tenter de contr\u00f4ler cet effet secondaire.<\/li>\n \t
- Augmentation de l\u2019app\u00e9tit. La cortisone ne fait pas engraisser \u00e0 moins que vous permettiez \u00e0 votre animal de consommer plus que ses besoins en calories. Le contr\u00f4le des calories est imp\u00e9ratif pour \u00e9viter un gain de poids en cours de traitement.<\/li>\n \t
- Hal\u00e8tement.<\/li>\n \t
- L\u00e9thargie et baisse de l\u2019endurance \u00e0 l\u2019exercice physique.<\/li>\n \t
- Si votre animal doit prendre cette m\u00e9dication pour une p\u00e9riode prolong\u00e9e, d\u2019autres probl\u00e8mes pourraient survenir (diab\u00e8te, pr\u00e9disposition aux infections, d\u00e9veloppement du syndrome de Cushing, atrophie des glandes surr\u00e9nales, etc.), surtout si la m\u00e9dication \u00e9tait administr\u00e9e tous les jours plut\u00f4t qu\u2019aux 2 jours et \u00e0 des dosages \u00e9lev\u00e9s.<\/li>\n \t
- Comme la cortisone diminue la d\u00e9fense immunitaire, il est important d\u2019aviser votre v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire en cas d\u2019apparition de tout signe d\u2019infection (yeux, oreilles, peau, syst\u00e8me respiratoire etc.). Si votre animal pr\u00e9sente une perte d\u2019app\u00e9tit, des vomissements ou de la diarrh\u00e9e, il faut en cesser l\u2019administration et contacter son v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nLa cyclosporine (Atopica) <\/span><\/b>est un m\u00e9dicament immunosuppresseur qui est homologu\u00e9 depuis quelques ann\u00e9es pour le contr\u00f4le des sympt\u00f4mes de l\u2019atopie. Il s\u2019agit d\u2019une m\u00e9dication tr\u00e8s efficace, sans les effets secondaires de la cortisone, mais dont l\u2019usage est restreint par un co\u00fbt tr\u00e8s \u00e9lev\u00e9 par rapport aux m\u00e9dications pr\u00e9c\u00e9dentes.\n
Apoquel et Cytopoint : traitements r\u00e9volutionnaires de l\u2019atopie chez le chien<\/a><\/h4>\nLes acides gras essentiels om\u00e9ga-3 <\/span><\/b>sont consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme une aide au traitement. Ces acides gras ont des propri\u00e9t\u00e9s anti-inflammatoires naturelles.\n\nComment traiter l\u2019atopie \u2013 Le traitement des infections secondaires\n<\/b>\n\n L\u2019inflammation de la peau caus\u00e9e par l\u2019allergie affecte les m\u00e9canismes naturels de d\u00e9fense. Cela r\u00e9sulte en une augmentation du risque d\u2019infections secondaires. Ces infections seront \u00e9galement favoris\u00e9es par le traumatisme physique que l\u2019animal inflige \u00e0 sa peau en se grattant, se mordillant, se l\u00e9chant et se frottant.\n\nLes cytologies guideront le praticien \u00e0 prescrire la ou les bonnes m\u00e9dications afin d\u2019enrayer ces infections qui peuvent \u00eatre bact\u00e9riennes ou fongiques, n\u00e9cessitant des traitements diff\u00e9rents. Il peut s\u2019agir de m\u00e9dication orale, de cr\u00e8me, de vaporisateur ou de shampoing m\u00e9dicament\u00e9. Ces infections exacerbent les d\u00e9mangeaisons. Elles doivent \u00eatre adress\u00e9es correctement sans quoi le traitement contre l\u2019allergie \u00e9chouera.\n\nComment traiter l\u2019atopie \u2013 Traitement de d\u00e9sensibilisation<\/b>\n\nLa d\u00e9sensibilisation consiste \u00e0 administrer au patient, \u00e0 dose croissante, les allerg\u00e8nes auxquels il est allergique. L\u2019objectif est d\u2019induire \u00e0 long terme une tol\u00e9rance aux pollens qui causent la r\u00e9action allergique.\n\n\u00c0 cause des co\u00fbts associ\u00e9s \u00e0 ce traitement et de l\u2019implication requise de la part des propri\u00e9taires de l\u2019animal, cette option de traitement sera habituellement r\u00e9serv\u00e9e \u00e0 certains patients. Entre autres \u00e0 ceux dont la saison d\u2019allergie est longue (plus de 2-3 mois), ceux qui pr\u00e9sentent des sympt\u00f4mes d\u2019allergie s\u00e9v\u00e8res et difficilement contr\u00f4lables avec les m\u00e9dications usuelles, ceux qui d\u00e9veloppent des infections secondaires difficiles \u00e0 g\u00e9rer ou ceux chez qui les m\u00e9dications qui contr\u00f4lent les sympt\u00f4mes seraient contre-indiqu\u00e9es ou mal tol\u00e9r\u00e9es.\n\nUne fois le diagnostic \u00e9tabli, le patient n\u00e9cessitant une th\u00e9rapie de d\u00e9sensibilisation sera r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9 par le v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire g\u00e9n\u00e9raliste \u00e0 un dermatologue v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire. Ce dernier effectuera des tests afin d\u2019identifier les diff\u00e9rents allerg\u00e8nes environnementaux auxquels l\u2019animal est allergique.\n\nIl existe deux types de tests. Le premier consiste en un test cutan\u00e9 appel\u00e9 test d\u2019allergie intradermique. Il consiste \u00e0 observer la pr\u00e9sence ou l\u2019absence de r\u00e9action allergique provoqu\u00e9e par des injections dans le derme de diff\u00e9rents allerg\u00e8nes. Ce test s\u2019effectue lorsque la peau est non irrit\u00e9e et non infect\u00e9e. Le patient ne doit pas avoir re\u00e7u de cortisone depuis au moins 3 semaines ni d\u2019antihistaminiques depuis au moins 10 jours au moment d\u2019effectuer le test intradermique.\n
Le deuxi\u00e8me type de test est un test sanguin (s\u00e9rologique). Il consiste \u00e0 d\u00e9tecter la pr\u00e9sence d\u2019anticorps contre diff\u00e9rents allerg\u00e8nes de l\u2019environnement en p\u00e9riode active d\u2019allergies. Le consensus en dermatologie v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire est que le test cutan\u00e9 est recommand\u00e9 en premier lieu car il est beaucoup plus fiable.<\/p>\n
Une fois les allerg\u00e8nes identifi\u00e9s, il sera possible d\u2019entamer un programme de d\u00e9sensibilisation du syst\u00e8me immunitaire de votre animal \u00e0 l\u2019aide d\u2019une s\u00e9rie de vaccins administr\u00e9s \u00e0 la maison. Ce traitement entra\u00eene rarement des effets secondaires. Environ 70 % des animaux trait\u00e9s vont ressentir des effets b\u00e9n\u00e9fiques. Initialement, les injections se donnent \u00e0 toutes les semaines, \u00e0 dose croissante. Le dermatologue ajuste la fr\u00e9quence et le dosage des injections selon la r\u00e9ponse et la tol\u00e9rance du patient. Le traitement sera administr\u00e9 pendant plusieurs mois, voire des ann\u00e9es.<\/p>\nComment traiter l\u2019atopie \u2013 D\u00e9contaminer l\u2019environnement et contr\u00f4ler l\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l\u2019environnement<\/b>\n\n Garder votre animal \u00e9loign\u00e9 apr\u00e8s avoir coup\u00e9 le gazon. Ramasser les d\u00e9bris et les feuilles mortes.\n
- \n \t
- En p\u00e9riode d\u2019allergies, \u00e9vitez les promenades dans les champs et les terrains vagues, surtout si vous avez d\u00e9j\u00e0 not\u00e9 une exacerbation des sympt\u00f4mes d\u2019allergie chez votre chien apr\u00e8s l\u2019y avoir promen\u00e9.<\/li>\n \t
- Ramasser les plants d\u2019herbe \u00e0 poux d\u00e8s leur apparition. L\u2019herbe \u00e0 poux est responsable des nombreux cas d\u2019allergies vus en clinique de la fin juillet \u00e0 la fin ao\u00fbt.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
- \n \t
- Donner des shampoings au besoin afin de d\u00e9barrasser la peau des pollens. Consultez un v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire afin d\u2019obtenir une recommandation quant au shampoing \u00e0 utiliser dans le cas de votre animal.<\/li>\n \t
- Administrez \u00e0 votre animal un produit antipuce mensuel recommand\u00e9 par votre v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire. Les chiens qui souffrent de dermite atopique peuvent aussi \u00eatre tr\u00e8s sensibles aux piq\u00fbres de puces.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nConclusion<\/b>\n\nL\u2019allergie saisonni\u00e8re est un probl\u00e8me commun chez nos animaux \u00e0 4 pattes. Les v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaires estiment que 14,4% des chiens en sont touch\u00e9s. Environ les deux tiers de ceux-ci sont des cas chroniques selon une \u00e9tude r\u00e9alis\u00e9e par Novartis Sant\u00e9 Animale Canada.\n\nLes animaux atteints requi\u00e8rent des soins sp\u00e9cifiques.\n\nConsulter un v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire t\u00f4t est important afin d\u2019\u00e9viter les infections secondaires et de soulager rapidement votre compagnon de ce d\u00e9sagr\u00e9ment estival.\n\nNos v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaires prendront le temps de vous guider afin de trouver une solution convenant \u00e0 votre animal. <\/strong>\n
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[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.4.1″][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.4.1″][et_pb_post_nav _builder_version=”4.4.1″ title_text_color=”#7bb03e”][\/et_pb_post_nav][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Your pet is scratching, biting or excessively licking his skin. Did you know that he could be suffering from allergies? There are many types of allergies : seasonal or annual atopic dermatitis, food allergies, allergies to insect bites and contact dermatitis. Atopy When allergies are caused by an abnormal reaction by the immune system towards […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":983,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.4.1\" custom_padding=\"7px|||||\"][et_pb_row _builder_version=\"4.4.1\"][et_pb_column type=\"4_4\" _builder_version=\"4.4.1\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.4.1\" hover_enabled=\"0\"]\n\nVotre animal se gratte, se mordille ou se l\u00e8che excessivement la peau. Saviez-vous qu\u2019il pourrait souffrir d\u2019allergie? Il existe diff\u00e9rents types d\u2019allergies: atopie saisonni\u00e8re et annuelle, allergie alimentaire, allergie aux piq\u00fbres de puces et allergie de contact.\n
Atopie<\/h2>\nLorsque l\u2019allergie est caus\u00e9e par une r\u00e9action anormale du syst\u00e8me immunitaire contre des allerg\u00e8nes pr\u00e9sents dans l\u2019environnement, on parle alors d\u2019atopie. C\u2019est la principale manifestation allergique chez le chien et le chat et il s\u2019agit d\u2019une maladie allergique li\u00e9e au contact des allerg\u00e8nes avec la peau.\n\nCes allerg\u00e8nes peuvent \u00eatre vari\u00e9s: les pollens d\u2019arbres, d\u2019herbes ou de mauvaises herbes, les acariens de poussi\u00e8re, les moisissures, les plumes, les poils, etc. Selon le type d\u2019allerg\u00e8ne en cause, la r\u00e9action allergique peut avoir un cycle saisonnier (pollen) ou persister \u00e0 l\u2019ann\u00e9e longue (poussi\u00e8res, poils, moisissures, etc.).\n\nL\u2019atopie saisonni\u00e8re appara\u00eetra \u00e0 un temps sp\u00e9cifique de l\u2019ann\u00e9e, entre la fonte des neiges et les premi\u00e8res neiges de l\u2019hiver, puis dispara\u00eetra pour revenir l\u2019ann\u00e9e suivante \u00e0 la m\u00eame p\u00e9riode.\n\nChez l\u2019homme, les sympt\u00f4mes de l\u2019allergie saisonni\u00e8re se manifestent surtout par des signes respiratoires tels la congestion nasale et les \u00e9ternuements -le rhume des foins-, mais chez le chien et le chat on constate surtout des signes cutan\u00e9s.\n
<\/figure>\nAu Qu\u00e9bec, les pollens sont pr\u00e9sents dans l\u2019air pendant trois p\u00e9riodes distinctes.<\/span>\n- \n \t